Comparative study on the preparation of belite cement from nano-silicas extracted from different agricultural wastes with calcium carbide residue

Belite cement was prepared using nano-silicas extracted from three different agricultural wastes – black rice husk ash (BRHA), bagasse (BA), and palm oil fuel (POFA) which were reacted at 1200 − 1400 °C with CaC2 residue as calcium source. The product compared that CaCO3. Nano-silica BRHA of very fine particle size (surface area 312.4 m2/g V/S ratio 0.35 × 106 cm) being highly reactive, forms β-C2S lower firing temperatures; however, higher temperatures, less-desirable γ-polymorphs are formed. POFA contains Na2O, Al2O3, K2O impurities, stabilize the β α-forms delay transformation to γ-phase. This is reflected in relatively high compressive strength temperature above °C, other mixtures. Thus, these results indicate best combination waste materials for preparation belite phases residue.